Publications

2013

• La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation bidimensionnelle
  
  • Colonna Jean-François
  , 2013. The Syracuse conjecture -bidimensional display- (La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation bidimensionnelle-)
• La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle
  
  • Colonna Jean-François
  , 2013. The Syracuse conjecture -monodimensional display- (La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle-)
• La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle
  
  • Colonna Jean-François
  , 2013. The Syracuse conjecture -monodimensional display- (La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle-)
• La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle
  
  • Colonna Jean-François
  , 2013. The Syracuse conjecture -monodimensional display- (La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle-)
• La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle
  
  • Colonna Jean-François
  , 2013. The Syracuse conjecture -monodimensional display- (La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle-)
• La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle
  
  • Colonna Jean-Francois
  , 2013. The Syracuse conjecture -monodimensional display- (La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle-)
• La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle
  
  • Colonna Jean-Francois
  , 2013. The Syracuse conjecture -monodimensional display- (La conjecture de Syracuse -visualisation monodimensionnelle-)
• Les deux premières itérations de la construction de la courbe de von Koch
  
  • Colonna Jean-Francois
  , 2013. The first two iterations of the construction of the von Koch curve (Les deux premières itérations de la construction de la courbe de von Koch)
• Une surface intermédiaire entre une 'double sphère' et un cylindre
  
  • Colonna Jean-Francois
  , 2013. A surface between a 'double sphere' and a cylinder (Une surface intermédiaire entre une 'double sphère' et un cylindre)
• Un cylindre défini à l'aide de trois champs bidimensionnels
  
  • Colonna Jean-Francois
  , 2013. A cylinder defined by means of three bidimensional fields (Un cylindre défini à l'aide de trois champs bidimensionnels)
• Une surface intermédiaire entre une 'double sphère' et un cylindre
  
  • Colonna Jean-Francois
  , 2013. A surface between a 'double sphere' and a cylinder (Une surface intermédiaire entre une 'double sphère' et un cylindre)
• Une surface intermédiaire entre une 'double sphère' et un cylindre
  
  • Colonna Jean-Francois
  , 2013. A surface between a 'double sphere' and a cylinder (Une surface intermédiaire entre une 'double sphère' et un cylindre)
• La conjecture de Goldbach
  
  • Colonna Jean-Francois
  , 2013. The Goldbach conjecture (La conjecture de Goldbach)
• L’opérateur de Laplace-Beltrami en Géométrie presque-Riemannienne
  
  • Boscain Ugo
  • Laurent Camille
  Annales de l'Institut Fourier, Association des Annales de l'Institut Fourier, 2013, 63 (5), pp.1739 - 1770. Two-dimensional almost-Riemannian structures are generalized Riemannian structures on surfaces for which a local orthonormal frame is given by a Lie bracket generating pair of vector fields that can become collinear. Generically, the singular set is an embedded one dimensional manifold and there are three type of points: Riemannian points where the two vector fields are linearly independent, Grushin points where the two vector fields are collinear but their Lie bracket is not and tangency points where the two vector fields and their Lie bracket are collinear and the missing direction is obtained with one more bracket. Generically tangency points are isolated. In this paper we study the Laplace-Beltrami operator on such a structure. In the case of a compact orientable surface without tangency points, we prove that the Laplace-Beltrami operator is essentially self-adjoint and has discrete spectrum. As a consequence a quantum particle in such a structure cannot cross the singular set and the heat cannot flow through the singularity. This is an interesting phenomenon since when approaching the singular set (i.e. where the vector fields become collinear), all Riemannian quantities explode, but geodesics are still well defined and can cross the singular set without singularities. This phenomenon appears also in sub-Riemannian structure which are not equiregular i.e. in which the grow vector depends on the point. We show this fact by analyzing the Martinet case. (10.5802/aif.2813)
  DOI : 10.5802/aif.2813
• Un 'double sphere' défini à l'aide de trois champs bidimensionnels
  
  • Colonna Jean-Francois
  , 2013. A 'double sphere' defined by means of three bidimensional fields (Un 'double sphere' défini à l'aide de trois champs bidimensionnels)
• La conjecture de Goldbach
  
  • Colonna Jean-Francois
  , 2013. The Goldbach conjecture (La conjecture de Goldbach)
• Agrandissement d'un ensemble de Mandelbrot dans l'ensemble des pseudo-octonions (un 'Mandelbulb') pour seize éclairages différents -section tridimensionnelle
  
  • Colonna Jean-François
  , 2013. Close-up on a pseudo-octonionic Mandelbrot set (a 'Mandelbulb') for sixteen different lightings -tridimensional cross-section- (Agrandissement d'un ensemble de Mandelbrot dans l'ensemble des pseudo-octonions (un 'Mandelbulb') pour seize éclairages différents -section tridimensionnelle-)
• An Optimal Affine Invariant Smooth Minimization Algorithm
  
  • d'Aspremont Alexandre
  • Guzmán Cristóbal
  • Jaggi Martin
  , 2013. We formulate an affine invariant implementation of the algorithm in Nesterov (1983). We show that the complexity bound is then proportional to an affine invariant regularity constant defined with respect to the Minkowski gauge of the feasible set. We also detail matching lower bounds when the feasible set is an ℓp ball. In this setting, our bounds on iteration complexity for the algorithm in Nesterov (1983) are thus optimal in terms of target precision, smoothness and problem dimension.
• Diffraction of Bloch Wave Packets for Maxwell's Equations
  
  • Allaire Grégoire
  • Palombaro Mariapia
  • Rauch Jeffrey
  Communications in Contemporary Mathematics, World Scientific Publishing, 2013, 15 (6), pp.1350040. We study, for times of order 1/h, solutions of Maxwell's equations in an O(h^2) modulation of an h-periodic medium. The solutions are of slowly varying amplitude type built on Bloch plane waves with wavelength of order h. We construct accurate approximate solutions of three scale WKB type. The leading profile is both transported at the group velocity and dispersed by a Schrödinger equation given by the quadratic approximation of the Bloch dispersion relation. A weak ray average hypothesis guarantees stability. Compared to earlier work on scalar wave equations, the generator is no longer elliptic. Coercivity holds only on the complement of an infinite dimensional kernel. The system structure requires many innovations. (10.1142/S0219199713500405)
  DOI : 10.1142/S0219199713500405
• Lineage selection and the maintenance of sex
  
  • de Vienne Damien M.
  • Giraud Tatiana
  • Gouyon Pierre-Henri
  PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2013, 8 (6), pp.e66906. Sex predominates in eukaryotes, despite its short-term disadvantage when compared to asexuality. Myriad models have suggested that short-term advantages of sex may be sufficient to counterbalance its twofold costs. However, despite decades of experimental work seeking such evidence, no evolutionary mechanism has yet achieved broad recognition as explanation for the maintenance of sex. We explore here, through lineage-selection models, the conditions favouring the maintenance of sex. In the first model, we allowed the rate of transition to asexuality to evolve, to determine whether lineage selection favoured species with the strongest constraints preventing the loss of sex. In the second model, we simulated more explicitly the mechanisms underlying the higher extinction rates of asexual lineages than of their sexual counterparts. We linked extinction rates to the ecological and/ or genetic features of lineages, thereby providing a formalisation of the only figure included in Darwin's "The origin of species". Our results reinforce the view that the long-term advantages of sex and lineage selection may provide the most satisfactory explanations for the maintenance of sex in eukaryotes, which is still poorly recognized, and provide figures and a simulation website for training and educational purposes. Short-term benefits may play a role, but it is also essential to take into account the selection of lineages for a thorough understanding of the maintenance of sex. (10.1371/journal.pone.0066906)
  DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0066906
• Localization, Stability, and Resolution of Topological Derivative Based Imaging Functionals in Elasticity
  
  • Ammari Habib
  • Bretin Elie
  • Garnier Josselin
  • Jing Wenjia
  • Kang Hyeonbae
  • Wahab Abdul
  SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2013, 6 (4), pp.2174 - 2212. (10.1137/120899303)
  DOI : 10.1137/120899303
• Statistical models for deformable templates in image and shape analysis (Modèles statistiques d'atlas déformables pour l'analyse d'images et de formes)
  
  • Allassonnière Stéphanie
  • Bigot Jérémie
  • Glaunès Joan Alexis
  • Maire Florian
  • Richard Frederic J.P.
  Annales Mathématiques Blaise Pascal, Université Blaise-Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand, 2013, 20 (1), pp.1-35. Les données de grande dimensions sont de plus en plus fréquemment collectées dans de nombreux domaines d'application. Il devient alors particulièrement important d'être capable d'extraire des caractéristiques significatives de ces bases de données. Le modèle d'atlas déformable (Deformable template model) est un outil maintenant répandu pour atteindre ce but. Cet article présente un panorama des aspects statistiques de ce modèle ainsi que ses généralisations. Nous décrivons les différents cadres mathématiques permettant de prendre en compte des types variés de données et de déformations. Nous rappelons les propriétés théoriques de convergence des estimateurs et des algorithmes permettant l'estimation de ces caractéristiques. Nous terminons cet article par la présentation de quelques résultats publiés utilisant des données réelles. (10.5802/ambp.320)
  DOI : 10.5802/ambp.320
• Adaptation and migration of a population between patches
  
  • Mirrahimi Sepideh
  Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - Series B, American Institute of Mathematical Sciences, 2013, 18, pp.753-768. A Hamilton-Jacobi formulation has been established previously for phenotypically structured population models where the solution concentrates as Dirac masses in the limit of small diffusion. Is it possible to extend this approach to spatial models? Are the limiting solutions still in the form of sums of Dirac masses? Does the presence of several habitats lead to polymorphic situations? We study the stationary solutions of a structured population model, while the population is structured by continuous phenotypical traits and discrete positions in space. The growth term varies from one habitable zone to another, for instance because of a change in the temperature. The individuals can migrate from one zone to another with a constant rate. The mathematical modeling of this problem, considering mutations between phenotypical traits and competitive interaction of individuals within each zone via a single resource, leads to a system of coupled parabolic integro-differential equations. We study the asymptotic behavior of the stationary solutions to this model in the limit of small mutations. The limit, which is a sum of Dirac masses, can be described with the help of an effective Hamiltonian. The presence of migration can modify the dominant traits and lead to polymorphic situations. (10.3934/dcdsb.2013.18.753)
  DOI : 10.3934/dcdsb.2013.18.753
• Ergodic Control and Polyhedral approaches to PageRank Optimization
  
  • Fercoq Olivier
  • Akian Marianne
  • Bouhtou Mustapha
  • Gaubert Stéphane
  IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2013, 58 (1), pp.134--148. We study a general class of PageRank optimization problems which involve finding an optimal outlink strategy for a web site subject to design constraints. We consider both a continuous problem, in which one can choose the intensity of a link, and a discrete one, in which in each page, there are obligatory links, facultative links and forbidden links. We show that the continuous problem, as well as its discrete variant when there are no constraints coupling different pages, can both be modeled by constrained Markov decision processes with ergodic reward, in which the webmaster determines the transition probabilities of websurfers. Although the number of actions turns out to be exponential, we show that an associated polytope of transition measures has a concise representation, from which we deduce that the continuous problem is solvable in polynomial time, and that the same is true for the discrete problem when there are no coupling constraints. We also provide efficient algorithms, adapted to very large networks. Then, we investigate the qualitative features of optimal outlink strategies, and identify in particular assumptions under which there exists a "master" page to which all controlled pages should point. We report numerical results on fragments of the real web graph. (10.1109/TAC.2012.2226103)
  DOI : 10.1109/TAC.2012.2226103
• The Moutard transformation and two-dimensional multi-point delta-type potentials
  
  • Novikov Roman
  • Taimanov Iskander
  Russian Mathematical Surveys, Turpion, 2013, 68 (5), pp.957–959. In the framework of the Moutard transformation formalism we find multi-point delta-type potentials for two-dimensional Schrodinger operators and their isospectral deformations on the zero energy level. In particular, these potentials are "reflectionless" in the sense of the Faddeev generalized "scattering" data.